Optical Fiber and Light Emitting Diode Essay

Also it has a much high frequency than electricity. So to make our communicating more faster we invented a new guided transmission cable, the fiber-optic cable. The fiber optic communication system includes an optical transmitter which converts an electrical omen into an optical signal and sends it into the optical fiber. The information transmitted through optical fiber is typically digital information. It transmits signals in the form of sapless. Composition 1 . Outer peak made up of PVC or Teflon. 2. Kevlar strands inside the Jacket to sustain cable (also used in bulletproof ests). 3.Plastic coating down the stairs Kevlar for protecting or cushioning fiber. 4. Fiber at the centre consists of frosting or plastic internality surrounded by codswallop lining which has a low refractive might (less density than core). Fiber-optic cable connecters 1 . SC (Subscriber channel connector) used for cable TV. Uses a raise up/pull locking system. 2. ST (Straight tip connector) It is used for connecting cable to ne tworking devices. Uses a knife locking system. 3. MT-RJ same size as RJ45. wispy origins The lessen beginning used in the fiber is depress emitting diode. The light is detected by a hoto detector such as a phototransistor.The two light sources that are wide of the markly used in fiber optics are guide (Light Emitting Diode) and ILD (Injection Laser Diode). LED is preferred for short distances and ILD for longer distances. Drawback of LED The light provided by LED is unfocussed which hits the core boundaries and gets diffused. Conditions for reflection 1 . The knowledgeable glass core should have a higher refractive index then the refractive index of the surrounding glass cladding. Means the glass cladding should be less dense it bequeath help the light ray to be reflected of the cladding instead of being efracted into it. . The angle of relative incidence of the light ray enrolling in the fiber-optic cable mustiness be greater than the circumstantial angle. The incident light ray will be reflected inside the glass core. If the angle of incidence is less than the critical angle the light ray will be refracted that is it will enter the glass cladding and gets lost. Data transmission The transmitter converts into light source and the receiver (photodiode) translates the light back into data bits. Modes of propagation Mode The issue forth of passages followed by light rays inside the fiber-optic cable.There are two types of musical modes 1 . Single mode light takes a single path through the core. 2. Multimode light follows more than one paths through the core. 1. Single mode fiber manufactured with small diameter. Lower density (less refractive index). accrue in density results in a critical angle that is ambient to 90 degrees and allows the light rays to travel almost horizontally. All light channelizes scram at the destination together. Less deviance of light rays. 2. Multimode fiber 2. 1 . Multimode step-i ndex fiber Density of core remains same from center to edges.The beam of light moves at a straight line until it reaches the boundary (interface) of the core and cladding. The refractive index (low density) changes abruptly. More distortion of light rays. 2. 2. Multimode graded-index fiber Decreases the distortion induced in step-index. Density varies. It is highest at center of core and is low at the edge by decreasing gradually. The light rays do not travel horizontally imputable to changing refractive index. Advantages Transmission distance is greater. Uses less repeaters than other cables (can run up to 50km before requiring egeneration of signal).Has a wide bandwidth hence higher data rates. High illegitimate enterprise immunity (electromagnetic noise cannot affect the cable). Resistant to corrosive materials (made up of glass which is more loathly to corrosive materials). Much lighter than copper cables. Disadvantages Cable is very expensive. readiness and maintenance requ ires expertise and is also costly. If broken very difficult to fix. Light propagation is unidirectional. Two fibers are needed for bidirectional communication. Losses due to absorption, dispersion and scattering. How to fix the cable if it is broken?